Evaluation of groundwater quality in rural-areas of northern Malawi: Case of Zombwe Extension Planning Area in Mzimba     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2016

  相似文献   

Assessing the feasibility of integrating remote sensing and in-situ measurements in monitoring water quality status of Lake Chivero,Zimbabwe     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2016

This work investigates the likelihood of integrating the cheap and readily-available broadband multispectral MODIS data and in-situ measurements in quantifying and monitoring water quality status of an inland lake within Upper Manyame Catchment in Zimbabwe. Specifically we used MODIS images to quantify inland lake chlorophyll_a concentrations, as a proxy for predicting lake pollution levels. The findings of this study show a high chlorophyll_a concentration of 0.101 ± 0.128 μg/L within the Lake. The results further demonstrated that the chlorophyll_a concentration levels did not significantly vary (p = 0.788) between sites, except among depths (p = 0.05). Further, prediction results based on the relationship between observed and predicted chlorophyll_a produced a high R² value of 0.89 and a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.003 μg/L. Moreover, the derived landuse maps of Upper Manyame Catchment indicated a significant variation in the percentage settlement in 1985, 1994 and 2010 change from 1985 to 2010. For instance, 8% increase in settlement in the period between 1994 and 2010 and over 12% increase from 1985 to 2010 and a decline in percent forest coverage (i.e. 9.8% in 1985 to 2.0% in the year 2010) in the catchment was observed. Overall, the findings of this study highlights the importance of free and readily-available satellite datasets (such as the multispectral MODIS and Landsat) in quantifying and monitoring water quality across inland lakes especially in data-scarce areas like Sub-Saharan Africa.  相似文献   

Crustal attenuation characteristics of S-waves beneath the Eastern Tohoku region,Japan          下载免费PDF全文

Muhammad Adeel Arshad 《地震科学（英文版）》2016,29(5):259-269

An inversion method was applied to crustal earthquakes dataset to find S-wave attenuation characteristics beneath the Eastern Tohoku region of Japan.Accelerograms from 85 shallow crustal earthquakes up to25 km depth and magnitude range between 3.5 and 5.5were analyzed to estimate the seismic quality factor Q_s. A homogeneous attenuation model Q_s for the wave propagation path was evaluated from spectral amplitudes, at 24 different frequencies between 0.5 and 20 Hz by using generalized inversion technique. To do this, non-parametric attenuation functions were calculated to observe spectral amplitude decay with hypocentral distance. Then, these functions were parameterized to estimate Q_s. It was found that in Eastern Tohoku region, the Q_s frequency dependence can be approximated with the function 33 f~(1.22) within a frequency range between 0.5 and 20 Hz. However,the frequency dependence of Q_s in the frequency range between 0.5 and 6 Hz is best approximated by Q_s(f) = 36f~(0.94) showing relatively weaker frequency dependence as compared to the relation Q_s(f) = 6 f~(2.09) for the frequency range between 6 and 15 Hz. These results could be used to estimate source and site parameters for seismic hazard assessment in the region.  相似文献   

Water Quality Characterization of the Siling Reservoir (Zhejiang,China) Using Water Quality Index          下载免费PDF全文

Naveedullah Naveedullah  Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi  Chunna Yu  Chaofeng Shen  Niaz Muhammad  Hui Shen  Yingxu Chen 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(5):553-562

  相似文献   

黄河口凹陷莱北斜坡带玄武岩发育区砂岩成岩特征、孔隙流体及储层控制因素     

乔锦杨  张英波  杨香华  王清斌  周心怀  朱红涛  王维  李欢 《现代地质》2016,30(1):209-219

为探究黄河口凹陷研究区玄武岩喷发对相关砂岩储层成岩作用的影响,从粘土矿物、沸石及微量元素分析入手,明确莱北斜坡带古近系不同层位孔隙流体性质变化,建立火成岩发育区砂岩储层的成岩-孔隙演化模式：沙一段和沙二段沉积时期,受小规模玄武岩喷发与干旱-半干旱气候条件下碱性水介质影响,砂岩中钠长石化和碳酸盐岩胶结普遍,碎屑颗粒表面发育白云石膜,见石英溶蚀现象;东三段三角洲砂岩储层受沙一段暗色泥岩中析出的卤水及陆源淡水输入影响,叠加后期富铁镁质孔隙水混合影响,成岩作用以弱碱性水介质条件下沸石溶解、粘土矿物转化与钠长石化为主;东一段和东二段沉积时期玄武岩广泛发育,不稳定富铁镁矿物的强烈水解,导致孔隙流体富含铁镁质,以低硅沸石的沉淀与溶蚀为特色。与玄武岩喷发相关的局部沸石沉淀与溶解以及玄武岩喷发形成的“工字型”构架对东营组砂岩孔隙的保存有利;而沙一段和沙二段沉积时期碱性水介质下形成的栉壳状白云石抑制了石英的次生加大,碱性水介质下的石英溶蚀现象普遍,有利于其砂岩孔隙的保存。  相似文献   

Differentiating Between Pollutants Build‐Up on Roads and Roofs: Significance of Roofs as a Stormwater Pollutant Source          下载免费PDF全文

An Liu  Nadeeka S. Miguntanna  Nandika P. Miguntanna  Prasanna Egodawatta  Ashantha Goonetilleke 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(5):538-543

  相似文献   

冲积扇沉积构型研究进展^*   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴胜和  冯文杰  印森林  喻宸  张可 《古地理学报》2016,18(4):497-512

冲积扇是发育于盆地边缘的一种重要的沉积相类型。近20年来,在冲积扇分布的控制作用、内部构型及储集层特征研究等方面取得了很大的进展:(1)深化了断层活动、物源岩性条件及不同级次基准面旋回对冲积扇沉积构型的控制作用机理;(2)建立了碎屑流主控、碎屑流与河流主控、河流主控的冲积扇以及末端扇的沉积构型模式;(3)分析了冲积扇沉积机制及沉积构型对储集层质量的控制作用。今后有必要充分应用水槽模拟实验、沉积数值模拟和探地雷达等先进技术,对冲积扇沉积过程、内部构型及储集层非均质性进行更为深入的研究。  相似文献   

改进的支持向量机方法在矿山地质环境质量评价中的应用     

卢文喜  郭家园  董海彪  张宇  林琳 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(5):1511-1519

传统支持向量机（SVM）评价模型中网格搜索法对参数的选择受到主观因素的影响,选用粒子群算法对SVM模型进行优化,并应用改进的SVM模型（PSO-SVM）对长吉图经济区135个矿山进行地质环境质量评价。PSO-SVM模型的评价结果与综合评价结果的相同率（注：该相同率是指两个评价结果相同的个数占所有评价样本数的百分比）达到95.56%,与SVM模型评价结果的相同率达到91.11%。结合研究区实际情况并分析三种评价结果得出,PSO-SVM模型的评价结果更符合实际情况。改进的支持向量机方法能够避免人为因素影响,提高矿山地质环境评价水平,在评价中具有可行性和有效性。基于改进的支持向量机方法评价结果表明,研究区矿山地质环境受矿山开采等人为活动的影响,54.1%的矿山遭受严重破坏（III级）,25.9%为中度破坏（II级）。评价结果可为研究区矿山环境恢复治理提供决策支持。  相似文献   

黑龙江绥化市太平庄富硒地区土壤环境地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

雷风华  崔玉军  张立  刘国栋 《中国地质调查》2016,3(4):49-54

为了提高农业用地经济效益,以地球化学调查手段为主,对绥化市太平庄地区的富硒土壤分布状况及其重金属元素地球化学特征进行了调查,评价了土壤质量环境状况,评价结果表明该调查区土壤质量环境良好,适合进一步开发富硒农产品,增加当地居民和地方财税收入,可以产生良好的经济效益和社会影响。  相似文献   

群岛峡道浓盐水排放扩散的三维数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

李春辉  李瑞杰  肖千璐  傅小燕  张海春 《海洋学研究》2016,34(4):39-45

采用三维潮流温盐数学模型对六横岛附近海域的水动力环境及盐度场分布进行数值模拟,并以实测资料进行验证,所建立模型可以较好地反映该海域潮流动力特征及盐度场的分布情况。利用验证后的三维数学模型,对海水淡化工程浓盐水排放后盐度场分布进行计算,将排放后的盐度分布与工程前进行对比分析,并推算盐升面积及垂向盐度增量。结果表明,海水淡化工程排放的浓盐水对六横岛海域盐度分布的影响主要集中在排水口附近的底层,影响区域呈带状分布,最大盐度增量为1.2左右,且排水口附近海域出现盐度垂向分层。  相似文献